等离子体对燃气在补燃室中燃烧特性的影响

为研究等离子体对多组分燃气在发动机补燃室中的助燃特性,建立了多组分燃气供给系统以及扩散燃烧实验模型。测量了等离子体炬的发射光谱,得到了等离子体炬的主要激发态粒子;拍摄了多组分燃气在补燃室的扩散火焰照片,得到了等离子体对多组分燃气的扩散火焰形貌的影响;测量了补燃室4个不同截面上的静压和总压,分析了等离子体对多组分燃气在发动机中燃烧效率的影响。实验结果表明:等离子体炬主要产生氮气和氧气的激发态粒子;加入等离子体后,喷出冲压尾喷管的火焰长度得到进一步缩短,说明等离子体可以在更短的燃烧室长度内使得多组分燃气得到更加充分的燃烧;加入等离子体时,补燃室不同截面的静压和总压都会出现突升台阶,说明等离子体可以加快燃气的化学反应速率,提高多组分燃气在发动机中的燃烧效率,且等离子体功率越高,燃气燃烧效率的增长率越高。     

液氧／甲烷发动机动力循环方式研究

综述了液氧／甲烷发动机的研究进展,分析了液氧／甲烷发动机的特性和应用前景,对比了大推力液氧／甲烷发动机的动力循环方式,提出发动机动力循环方式选择应综合用途、性能、研制难度及使用成本等多方面因素,一次性使用的发动机应采用高性能的高压补燃循环,其中部分甲烷冷却推力室的富燃补燃循环较佳;重复使用的发动机应根据工作次数和工作寿命,重点考虑系统压力低的燃气发生器循环和低压的补燃循环．     

An inverse design method for supercritical airfoil based on conditional generative models

Inverse design has long been an efficient and powerful design tool in the aircraft industry.In this paper, a novel inverse design method for supercritical airfoils is proposed based on generative models in deep learning. A Conditional Variational Auto Encoder(CVAE) and an integrated generative network CVAE-GAN that combines the CVAE with the Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks(WGAN), are conducted as generative models. They are used to generate target wall Mach distributions for the inve...     

液氧甲烷重复使用辅助动力系统方案与进展

航班化航天运输系统的应用需求日趋迫切，基于液氧/甲烷（LOX/LCH4）发动机的可重复使用运载火箭成为国内外研究热点。面向某型运载火箭对一级返回辅助动力系统的需求，提出了基于电动泵的主辅一体化液氧甲烷系统方案和独立挤压式液氧甲烷系统方案，开展了方案比选和应用优势分析，并介绍了液氧甲烷轨姿控发动机和低温表面张力贮箱的研究基础，以及国内首款液氧甲烷轨姿控推进系统集成演示试验情况。液氧甲烷辅助动力系统可以实现全箭推进剂的统一和无毒化，助力运载火箭走向高效及完全可重复使用。选择切实可行的“分步走”策略，优先开展挤压式液氧甲烷辅助动力系统的工程化研制与飞行应用，逐步实现基于电动泵的主辅一体化液氧甲烷辅助动力系统在重复使用运载火箭和低温上面级等领域应用。     

Experimental study on flow excursion instability of supercritical hydrocarbon fuel in scramjet regenerative cooling parallel channels

Flow instability of supercritical hydrocarbon fuel is a crucial issue in scramjet regenerative cooling structure. In this study, flow excursion instability and flow distribution in parallel tubes were experimentally studied for supercritical fluids. Two types of flow excursion occur in a single tube. Type I and Type II excursions, and they are corresponding to decreasing and increasing flow rate respectively. They can trigger flow maldistribution between parallel tubes and the hysteresis phenomenon of flow distribution. The effects of system parameters, including inlet temperature, system pressure, and heat flux, on flow distribution were analyzed. In addition, the relationship between flow excursion and the pseudo-critical interval proposed in the literature was established according to the heated tube outlet temperature at the onset of flow instability. Finally, the flow excursion instability boundary was obtained using two dimensionless parameters. These experimental results can provide helpful insight on the mechanism of Scramjet regenerative cooling.     

竖直下降圆管内超临界压力RP-3航空煤油传热恶化实验研究

为理解空-油换热器中的冷却换热特性，对竖直下降圆管内超临界压力RP-3航空煤油的换热进行了实验研究。探究了稳态换热特征和换热机理，探讨了质量流量、热流密度、运行压力和进口温度对换热的影响；基于拟沸腾数提出了传热恶化的临界准则以及壁温最大飞升值的预测准则；通过浮升力和热加速判别准则分析了两者对换热的影响；实现了换热关联式预测。结果表明：浮升力和热加速对换热的影响可以忽略。拟沸腾换热机制，即近壁流体膨胀力相比惯性力占主导时，类气态流体层覆盖壁面是传热恶化的原因。当拟沸腾数高于2.5×10^-4时，拟沸腾换热机制起作用。最后，探究了泄压过程中的瞬态换热特征。泄压过程中拟沸腾数不断增大，传热恶化加剧，高泄压速率下甚至出现壁温波动。     

可压缩管流中真实气体效应的理论分析与数值模拟

为研究超燃冲压发动机冷却通道内复杂碳氢燃料的可压缩流动特性及相关影响因素,本文在典型工况条件下讨论了超声速膨胀流中真实气体效应的影响。基于平衡热力学理论,明确了气体动力学基础导数对可压缩流动的关键影响,并从气体动力学基础导数的角度出发考察了多种碳氢燃料在临界点附近的特性。同时,在数值模拟程序中耦合了立方型状态方程以准确描述超临界碳氢燃料的热物性参数。最后,对超临界条件下的二维超声速膨胀流进行了数值模拟,捕捉到了超声速扩张管道流动中马赫数下降的现象并揭示了其相应的物理机制。此外,参考发动机冷却通道内的典型工况条件,系统考察了不同入口马赫数、压力与温度等不同来流条件下真实气体效应的影响规律。     

超薄翼型上液压系统布置的设计分析

超薄翼型飞机后梁空间狭小,无法为液压管路系统提供足够的空间。分别从液压系统泄漏、液压油介质的腐蚀性、穿燃油箱的密封性、对燃油箱温度的影响以及对液压能源系统本身的影响等设计问题进行分析,提出了将部分液压管路布置在燃油箱内的方案。试验证明此设计方案能满足系统要求和适航要求。     

A power and thermal management system for long endurance hypersonic vehicle

Due to the pneumatic heating and combustion effect, the scramjet engine of hypersonic vehicle faces high temperature challenge. It is necessary to comprehensively consider its thermal management and power generation together. A new Power and Thermal Management System (PTMS) combined with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO₂) closed Brayton cycle and fuel vapor turbine is proposed and discussed in this paper. The new PTMS can meet the cooling requirement of hypersonic vehicle at Mach number 6–7, and avoid the coking and scrapping in the scramjet cooling channels. Compared with the PTMS only based on fuel vapor turbine, the new PTMS utilizes the waste heat of scramjet to generate more electricity. In addition, it can reduce the use of fuel sink for cooling, and the additional weight penalty can be compensated for long endurance hypersonic flight.     

Pressure distribution feature-oriented sampling for statistical analysis of supercritical airfoil aerodynamics

In the field of supercritical wing design, various principles and rules have been summarized through theoretical and experimental analyses. Compared with black-box relationships between geometry parameters and performances, quantitative physical laws about pressure distributions and performances are clearer and more beneficial to designers. With the advancement of computational fluid dynamics and computational intelligence, discovering new rules through statistical analysis on computers has beco...